Sempiternal Truth. The Bolzano-Twardowski-Lesniewski Axis

Abstract

The article is devoted to the discussion of absoluteness, eternity and sempitemity of truth, i.e. truth for ever and truth since ever, that took place in the Lvov-Warsaw School. Kazimierz Twardowski attacked the relativity of truth, reviving Bernard Bolzano’s views on the subject. Stanisław Leśniewski defended absolutism contrasting Tadeusz Kotarbiński’s positions. Ontological presuppositions of Bolzano, Twardowski and Leśniewski were different; they presented actually three different definitions of truth along with procedures showing that the logical value of a sentence cannot be dependent on time (and place) of utterances.