The Value of Reality to Logic and the Value of Logic to Reality: A Comparison of Łukasiewicz’s and Leśniewski’s Views
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14394/filnau.2022.0007Keywords:
Stanisław Leśniewski, Jan Łukasiewicz, philosophy of logic, metaphysics of logicAbstract
Since Kazimierz Twardowski introduced the notions of “symbolomania” and “pragmatophobia,” the relationship between logic and reality was the focus of the philosophers from the Lvov-Warsaw School — inter alia two prominent logicians of the group, Stanisław Leśniewski and Jan Łukasiewicz. Bolesław Sobociński has pointed out, however, that there was a contrast between their approach to logic and reality. Despite being members of the same philosophical group and even colleagues from the same department, their philosophical views on the position of logic in reality differed considerably. Yet they both agreed that reality has a certain importance for logic and that logic could be valuable for reality. The aim of this paper is to introduce their divergent positions and describe in more detail how Leśniewski and Łukasiewicz understood the relationship between logic and the real world.
References
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Sobociński B. (1956), “In Memoriam Jan Łukasiewicz (1878-1956),” Philosophical Studies 6, 3-49. https://doi.org/10.5840/philstudies1956602
Surma P. (2012), Poglądy filozoficzne Jana Łukasiewicza a logiki wielowartościowe, Warsaw: Semper.
Twardowski K. (1979), “Symbolomania and Pragmatophobia” [in:] Semiotics in Poland 1894-1969, J. Pelc (ed.), Dordrecht: Reidel, 3-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9777-6_2
Urbaniak R. (2014), Leśniewski’s System of Logic and Foundations of Mathematics, Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00482-2
Woleński J. (1989), Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov-Warsaw School, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2581-6
Woleński J. (1995), “Mathematical Logic in Poland 1900-1939: People, Circles, Institutions, Ideas,” Modern Logic 5(4), 363-405.
Betti A. (2006), “The Strange Case of Savonarola and the Painted Fish: On the Bolzanization of Polish Thought” [in:] Actions, Products and Things: Brentano and Polish Philosophy, A. Chrudzimski, D. Łukasiewicz (eds.), Berlin—Boston: De Gruyter, 55-81. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110325706.55
Hiż H. (2016), “Garstka wspomnień kibica matematyków” [in:] Stanisław Leśniewski, geniusz logiki, J. J. Jadacki (ed.), Bydgoszcz: Epigram, 179-186.
Kijania-Placek K. (2000), “O pojęciu możliwości obustronnej u Łukasiewicza” [in:] Filozofia i logika. W stronę Jana Woleńskiego, J. Hartman, A. Biłat, K. Dulińska (eds.), Kraków: Aureus, 139-145.
Kotarbiński T. (1913), “Zagadnienie istnienia przyszłości,” Przegląd Filozoficzny 16(1), 74-92.
Kotarbiński T. (2016), “Garstka wspomnień o Stanisławie Leśniewskim” [in:] Stanisław Leśniewski, geniusz logiki, J. J. Jadacki (ed.), Bydgoszcz: Epigram, 103-113.
Lejewski C. (1984), “On Leśniewski Ontology” [in:] Leśniewski’s Systems: Ontology and Mereology, J. T. J. Srzednicki, V. F. Rickey (eds.), Haag: Nijhoff, 123-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6089-3_5
Lejewski C. (2016), “Wspomnienie o Stanisławie Leśniewskim” [in:] Stanisław Leśniewski, geniusz logiki, J. J. Jadacki (ed.), Bydgoszcz: Epigram, 125-170.
Leśniewski S. (1992a), “The Critique of the Logical Principle of the Excluded Middle” [in:] Collected Works I, S. J. Surma, J. T. J. Srzednicki, J. D. Barnett, V. F. Rickey (eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwer, 47-85.
Leśniewski S. (1992b), “On the Foundation of Mathematics” [in:] Collected Works I, S. J. Surma, J. T. J. Srzednicki, J. D. Barnett, V. F. Rickey (eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwer, 174-382.
Leśniewski S. (1992c), “Fundamentals of a New System of the Foundations of Mathematics” [in:] Collected Works I, S. J. Surma, J. T. J. Srzednicki, J. D. Barnett, V. F. Rickey (eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwer, 410-605.
Leśniewski S. (2016), “Korespondencja z Kazimierzem Twardowskim” [in:] Stanisław Leśniewski, geniusz logiki, S. J. Surma, J. T. J. Srzednicki, J. D. Barnett, V. F. Rickey (eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwer, 201-220.
Luschei E. (1962), The Logical Systems of Leśniewski, Amsterdam: North Holland.
Łukasiewicz J. (1957), Aristotle’s Syllogistic from the Standpoint of Modern Formal Logic, 2nd ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Łukasiewicz J. (1970a), “Logistic and Philosophy” [in:] Selected Works, L. Borkowski (ed.), Amsterdam–Warsaw: North Holland–Polish Scientific Publisher, 218-235.
Łukasiewicz J. (1970b), “In Defence of Logistic” [in:] Selected Works, L. Borkowski (ed.), Amsterdam–Warsaw: North Holland–Polish Scientific Publisher, 236-249.
Łukasiewicz J. (1970c), “On Intuitionistic Theory of Deduction” [in:] Selected Works, L. Borkowski (ed.), Amsterdam–Warsaw: North Holland / Polish Scientific Publisher, 325-340.
Łukasiewicz J. (1970d), “A System of Modal Logic” [in:] Selected Works, L. Borkowski (ed.), Amsterdam–Warsaw: North Holland / Polish Scientific Publisher, 352-390.
Łukasiewicz J. (1970e), “Arithmetic and Modal Logic” [in:] Selected Works, L. Borkowski (ed.), Amsterdam–Warsaw: North Holland / Polish Scientific Publisher, 391-400.
Łukasiewicz J. (1998a), “O metodę w filozofii” [in:] Logika i metafizyka, J. J. Jadacki (ed.), Warsaw: WFiS, 41-42.
Łukasiewicz J. (1998b), “Geneza logiki trójwartoścowej” [in:] Logika i metafizyka, J. J. Jadacki (ed.), Warsaw: WFiS, 241-245.
Łukasiewicz J. (1998c), “O znaczeniu i potrzebach logiki matematycznej” [in:] Logika i metafizyka, J. J. Jadacki (ed.), Warsaw: WFiS, 424-436.
Prior A. N. (1996), “A Statement of Temporal Realism” [in:] Logic and Reality: Essays on the Legacy of Arthur Prior, B. J. Copeland (ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press, 45-46.
Quine W. V. O. (1951), “Main Trends in Recent Philosophy: Two Dogmas of Empiricism,” The Philosophical Review 60(1), 20-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2181906
Rickey V. F. (1998), “A Survey of Leśniewski’s Logic” [in:] Leśniewski’s Systems: Protothetic, J. T. J. Srzednicki, Z. Stachniak (eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwer, 23-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5736-0_2
Russell B. (1920), Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, London: George Allen and Unwin.
Simons P. (1998), “Nominalism in Poland” [in:] Leśniewski’s Systems: Protothetic, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5736-0_1
Simons P. (2020), “Stanisław Leśniewski” [in:] The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2020 Edition), E. N. Zalta (ed.), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/lesniewski
Simons P. (2021), “Jan Łukasiewicz” [in:] The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2021 Edition), E. N. Zalta (ed.), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2020/entries/lukasiewicz
Sobociński B. (1956), “In Memoriam Jan Łukasiewicz (1878-1956),” Philosophical Studies 6, 3-49. https://doi.org/10.5840/philstudies1956602
Surma P. (2012), Poglądy filozoficzne Jana Łukasiewicza a logiki wielowartościowe, Warsaw: Semper.
Twardowski K. (1979), “Symbolomania and Pragmatophobia” [in:] Semiotics in Poland 1894-1969, J. Pelc (ed.), Dordrecht: Reidel, 3-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9777-6_2
Urbaniak R. (2014), Leśniewski’s System of Logic and Foundations of Mathematics, Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00482-2
Woleński J. (1989), Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov-Warsaw School, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2581-6
Woleński J. (1995), “Mathematical Logic in Poland 1900-1939: People, Circles, Institutions, Ideas,” Modern Logic 5(4), 363-405.
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Published
2022-03-31
How to Cite
Rybaříková, Z. (2022). The Value of Reality to Logic and the Value of Logic to Reality: A Comparison of Łukasiewicz’s and Leśniewski’s Views. The Philosophy of Science, 30(1), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.14394/filnau.2022.0007
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Filozofia Nauki/The Philosophy of Science | ISSN 1230-6894 | e-ISSN 2657-5868