How to Index Visual Contents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14394/filnau.2019.0016Słowa kluczowe:
Charles Travis, doświadczenie percepcyjne, reprezentacjonalizm, treść, wyglądy, demonstratywyAbstrakt
According to the Content View (CV), visual perceptual experiences represent the subject’s surroundings or have representational content. A critical question posed by Charles Travis against CV is how the subject of experiences could index or introspectively ascribe a specific representational content of a given (occurring) visual experience: if her visual experiences incorporate representational contents, how could she ascribe a particular content to any given visual experience of hers? According to Travis, while visual representation is supposed to be “a familiar phenomenon; something we can tell is happening” (Travis 2004: 86), there is no good available evidence that our visual experiences represent our surroundings; and he thinks so because there seems to be no method of visual contents’ indexation or self-ascription. The aim of this paper is to show how CV could meet what I shall call the Indexing Problem for perceptual — more specifically, visual — content. My main positive suggestion turns on the thought that the contents of visual experiences could be indexed by the way things demonstrably look to the subject of experiences.
Bibliografia
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Cavedon-Taylor D. (2015), “Kind Properties and the Metaphysics of Perception: Towards Impure Relationalism,” Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 96(4), 487-509. https://doi.org/10.1111/papq.12112
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Snowdon P. (1992), “How to Interpret ‘Direct Perception’” [in:] The Contents of Experience, T. Crane (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 48-78. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511554582.004
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Soteriou M. (2007), “Content and the Stream of Consciousness,” Philosophical Perspectives 21(1), 543-568. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1520-8583.2007.00135.x
Soteriou M. (2013), The Mind’s Construction: The Ontology of Mind and Mental Action, Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199678457.001.0001
Soteriou M. (2016), Disjunctivism, London: Routledge.
Travis C. (1997), “Pragmatics” [in:] A Companion to the Philosophy of Language, B. Hale, C. Wright (eds.), Oxford: Blackwell.
Travis C. (2004), “The Silence of the Senses,” Mind 113, 57-94. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/113.449.57
Travis C. (2013), Perception: Essays after Frege, Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199676545.001.0001
Breckenridge W. (2007a), The Meaning of ‘Look’, dissertation, New College, University of Oxford, https://bit.ly/2ARaEBX.
Breckenridge W. (2007b), “Against One Reason for Thinking That Visual Experiences Have Representational Content,” Philosophical Perspectives 21(1), 117-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1520-8583.2007.00122.x
Brewer B. (1999), Perception and Reason, Oxford: Clarendon Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199250456.001.0001
Brewer B. (2006), “Perception and Content,” European Journal of Philosophy 14(2), 165-181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0378.2006.00220.x
Brewer B. (2017), “The Object View of Perception,” Topoi 36(2), 215-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-015-9310-y
Brogaard B. (2014), “The Phenomenal Use of ‘Look’ and Perceptual Representation,” Philosophy Compass 9(7), 455-468. https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12136
Burge T. (2005), “Disjunctivism and Perceptual Psychology,” Philosophical Topics 33(1), 1-78. https://doi.org/10.5840/philtopics20053311
Byrne A. (2009), “Experience and Content,” The Philosophical Quarterly 59(236), 429-451. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444343915.ch4
Cavedon-Taylor D. (2015), “Kind Properties and the Metaphysics of Perception: Towards Impure Relationalism,” Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 96(4), 487-509. https://doi.org/10.1111/papq.12112
Genone J. (2014), “Appearance and Illusion,” Mind 123(490), 339-376. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzu056
Chisholm R. M. (1957), Perceiving: A Philosophical Study, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Glüer K. (2009), “In Defence of a Doxastic Account of Experience,” Mind & Language 24(3), 297-327. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0017.2009.01364.x
Hacker P. M. S. (1987), Appearance and Reality: A Philosophical Investigation into Perception and Perceptual Qualities, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Jackson F. (1977), Perception: A Representative Theory, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Martin M. G. F. (2002), “The Transparency of Experience,” Mind & Language 17(4), 376-425. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0017.00205
Martin M. G. F. (2004), “The Limits of Self-Awareness,” Philosophical Studies 120(1-3), 37-89. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4321508
McDowell J. (1994), Mind and World, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
McGinn C. (1989), Mental Content, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Millar A. (2000), “The Scope of Perceptual Knowledge,” Philosophy 75(291), 73-88. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100000061
Nanay B. (2015), “The Representationalism versus Relationalism Debate: Explanatory Contextualism about Perception,” European Journal of Philosophy 23(2), 321-336. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejop.12085
Peacocke C. (1983), Sense and Content, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Raleigh T. (2015), “Phenomenology without Representation,” European Journal of Philosophy 23(4), 1209-1237. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejop.12047
Sá Pereira R. H. de, (2016), “Combining the Representational and the Relational View,” Philosophical Studies 173(12): 3255-3269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-016-0662-y
Schellenberg S. (2010), “The Particularity and Phenomenology of Perceptual Experience,” Philosophical Studies 149(1), 19-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-010-9540-1
Schellenberg S. (2017), “In Defense of Perceptual Content,” Philosophical Perspectives 31(1), 409-447. https://doi.org/10.1111/phpe.12106
Schellenberg S. (2018), The Unity of Perception, Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827702.001.0001
Searle J. (1983), Intentionality, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sellars W. (1963), “Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind” [in:] Science, Perception, and Reality, London—New York: Routledge and Kegan Paul, Humanities Press.
Shahmoradi A. (2016), “Why Do We Need Perceptual Content?” Philosophical Psychology 29(5), 776-788. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2016.1142071
Siegel S. (2006), “Which Properties Are Represented in Perception?” [in:] Perceptual Experience, T. Szabo Gendler, J. Hawthorne (eds.), 481-503. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199289769.003.0015
Siegel S. (2010), “Do Experiences Have Contents?” [in:] Perceiving the World, B. Nanay (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195386196.003.0012
Siegel S. (2011), The Contents of Visual Experience, Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305296.001.0001
Snowdon P. (1992), “How to Interpret ‘Direct Perception’” [in:] The Contents of Experience, T. Crane (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 48-78. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511554582.004
Soteriou M. (2005), “The Subjective View of Experience and Its Objective Commitments,” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 105(1), 177-190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0066-7373.2004.00110.x
Soteriou M. (2007), “Content and the Stream of Consciousness,” Philosophical Perspectives 21(1), 543-568. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1520-8583.2007.00135.x
Soteriou M. (2013), The Mind’s Construction: The Ontology of Mind and Mental Action, Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199678457.001.0001
Soteriou M. (2016), Disjunctivism, London: Routledge.
Travis C. (1997), “Pragmatics” [in:] A Companion to the Philosophy of Language, B. Hale, C. Wright (eds.), Oxford: Blackwell.
Travis C. (2004), “The Silence of the Senses,” Mind 113, 57-94. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/113.449.57
Travis C. (2013), Perception: Essays after Frege, Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199676545.001.0001
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2019-10-31
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Sanhueza Rodríguez, S. (2019). How to Index Visual Contents. Filozofia Nauki, 27(3), 29–54. https://doi.org/10.14394/filnau.2019.0016
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Filozofia Nauki | ISSN 1230-6894 | e-ISSN 2657-5868